GPIO Port 1 and 2

There are two General Purpose I/O (GPIO) Ports, each made of 32 bidirectional pins on the JP1 and JP2 40-pin expansion headers (hence the ports are each 32-bits wide). These ports can be used with some of the lab's peripherals such as the hexkeypad and Lego controller.

Device

GPIO Port on JP1 & JP2 (can be used with hexkeypad, Lego, or digital protoboard)

Configuration

32-bit wide bidirectional port

Input/Output

either

Address Base

JP1: 0xFF200060 and JP2: 0xFF200070

Address Map

Address	R/W	Description
base	R/W	Data Register for reading/writing from/to the pins
base+4	R/W	Direction Register configures each pin for input (0) or output (1)
base+8	R/W	Interrupt Mask Register enables interrupts for each pin (the corresponding pin should be configured as input)
base+12	R/W	Edge Capture Register, writing a 1 clears the corresponding bit. Writing 0xFFFFFFFF clears all bits.

Initialization

Set direction register bits to input/output

Interrupts

Triggered	Negative edge (when any interrupt-enabled input pin changes its value from 1 to 0)
IRQ Line	JP1: 11 and JP2: 12
Enable	Set bits in Interrupt Mask Register that correspond to input pin you want to interrupt on
Acknowledge	Writng 0xFFFFFFFF to Edge Capture Register clears it

Hardware Setup

Connect the 40-pin ribbon from the hexkeypad/lego controller/protoboard to either port JP1/2 on the DE1-SoC

Reference

Hexkeypad
Lego Controller

Notes

Choosing a port - You can connect to either one of the 40-pin headers JP1 or JP2, they are both identical.

Acknowledging interrupts - Interrupts are triggered when any bit in the Edge Capture Register is high. So make sure you clear it before you enable interrupts and before you exit your interrupt handler.

Pinouts

The image below shows where on the 40-pin expansion ports you can find the 32 pins for JP1 and JP2.

Assembly Example: Write 0xab to GPIO Port on JP1

.equ ADDR_JP1PORT, 0xFF200060
.equ ADDR_JP1PORT_DIR, 0xFF200064

  movia r2,ADDR_JP1PORT_DIR
  movia r3,0xffffffff
  stwio r3,0(r2)  # Set direction of all 32-bits to output 

  movia r2,ADDR_JP1PORT
  movi  r3,0xab
  stwio r3,(r2)   # Write value to output pins

Assembly Example: Read pins on GPIO Port on JP2 into register r3

.equ ADDR_JP2PORT, 0xFF200070
.equ ADDR_JP2PORT_DIR, 0xFF200074

  movia r2,ADDR_JP2PORT_DIR
  stwio r0,0(r2)  # Set direction of all 32-bits to input 

  movia r2,ADDR_JP2PORT
  ldwio r3,(r2)   # Read value from pins

Assembly Example: Enable interrupts on bits 0-3 of port JP1

.equ ADDR_JP1PORT, 0xFF200060
.equ ADDR_JP1PORT_DIR, 0xFF200064
.equ ADDR_JP1PORT_IE, 0xFF200068
.equ ADDR_JP1PORT_EDGE, 0xFF20006C
.equ IRQ_JP1PA, 0x00000800

  movia r2,ADDR_JP1PORT_DIR
  stwio r0,0(r2)  # Set all 32-bits to inputs 

  movia r2,ADDR_JP1PORT_IE
  movi  r3,0xf
  stwio r3,0(r2)  # Enable interrupts on 4 LSB pins 

  movia r2,IRQ_JP1PA
  wrctl ctl3,r2   # Enable bit 11 - button interrupts on Nios II 

  movia r2,1
  wrctl ctl0,r2   # Enable global Interrupts on Nios II

Assembly Example: Interrupt Handler

.section .exceptions, "ax"
IHANDLER:                 
  rdctl et, ctl4          # Check if an external interrupt has occurred 
  beq et, r0, SKIP_EA_DEC 

  movia r7,IRQ_JP1PA        # test for bit 7 interrupt 
  and   r7,et,r7
  beq   r7,r0,EXIT_IHANDLER # if not, exit handler 

  movia r2,ADDR_JP1PORT
  ldwio r3,0(r2)  # Read port A data 

  /*** Do whatever you want with the data from the pins ***/

  movia r7,ADDR_JP1PORT_EDGE
  stwio r0, 0(r7) # De-assert interrupt - write to edge capture reg


EXIT_IHANDLER:
  subi ea,ea,4    # Replay interrupted instruction for hw interrupts 
SKIP_EA_DEC:
  eret

C Example: Write value from GPIO Port JP2 to GPIO Port JP1

#define ADDR_JP1PORT ((volatile char *) 0xFF200060)
#define ADDR_JP2PORT ((volatile char *) 0xFF200070)
int main()
{ 
   // init interface directions
   *(ADDR_JP2PORT+4) = 0; //set every JP2 bit direction to input
   *(ADDR_JP1PORT+4) = 0xffffffff; //set every JP1 bit dir to output
    
   while (1)
   {
      *ADDR_JP1PORT = *ADDR_JP2PORT;
   }
}